Essay Gilgamesh and John Campbells Heros Journey

When reading Gilgamesh, it is not uncommon for many to relate the tales protagonist to John Campbells theory on the twelve steps of a Heros journey, which characterizes the typical progression of most epic stories. However, I make the claim that, as per Campbells theory, it is not Gilgamesh himself who is the hero of the tale. Rather, Gilgamesh and his ally Enkindu combine to form the single hero of the story, with Enkindu actually meeting most of Campbells criteria. Together, both characters symbolize one hero who embodies mankinds yearning to â€Å"incarnate unearthly covenants† (Campbell, 1968, p. 3), consistent with Campbells views on mythology. The tale begins with an exposition describing Gilgamesh and Enkindus daily life.†¦show more content†¦The fact that the trapper requires Shamat to remove the man from his woods and â€Å"overpower† Enkidu implies that the wild man would have refused his â€Å"call to adventure† had Shamat not been there. This initial rejection to adventure satisfies Campbells third criteria that a Hero will initially refuse this call. Gilgamesh, in contrast, arguably lacked this criteria entirely; While it can be argued that Enkidus intervention in the marital chamber when Gilgamesh tried to rape the newly wedded woman – and the subsequent brawl that occurred as a result - could have served to meet Campbells second and third criteria, these events would not have happened had Enkidu not been called first. Enkidu also profoundly meets Campbells fourth and fifth criteria; meeting the mentor and crossing the threshold. At this point in the story, Gilgamesh has yet to truly fulfill any of Campbells steps. Arguably, then, Gilgamesh is not a hero during this first leg of the tale; rather, he serves as Enkindus mentor. Mentors are significant because they often provide the hero with guidance and wisdom, which requires these figures to have some sort of superiority over the hero. It is clear, then, that Gilgamesh is a guide; not only is he, being royalty and part god, higher on the social hierarchy than Enkidu, it is also established throughout the poem that Gilgamesh has â€Å"mightier [in] strength† (Anonymous , n.d.). Gilgamesh also must have more wisdom than Ekindu, as, most of

The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb - 1290 Words

President Truman Had the Right to Drop the Atomic Bomb â€Å"On the morning of August 6, 1945, the American B-29 Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. Three days later another B-29, Bock’s Car, released one over Nagasaki. Both caused enormous casualties and physical destruction.† (Maddox 1). These disastrous events have weighted upon the American conscience ever since that day in history. Even though there are some people that disagree with the dropping of the atomic bomb, President Truman’s decision was very critical because he prevented the loss of many American lives, Japanese soldiers fought with no notion of ever surrendering, and it brought an end to a bloody war. The decision to drop two atomic bombs on†¦show more content†¦Since April 1, 1945, the Japanese had fought with ferocity that mocked any notion that their will to resist was eroding. â€Å"As we understood it in July, there was a very strong possibility that the Japanese government might determine resistance to the end, in all the areas of the Far East under its control.† (Stimson 101). In July, the Japanese army was estimated to be about 5,000,000 men. The Allies would be faced with the task of destroying an army of five million men and suicide aircrafts, who were all ready to fight literally to the death. In an article in The Atlantic Monthly, Karl T. Compton, who was a scientist involved in the making of the bomb, stated that he was in a group of interrogators who were questioned a Japanese Army officer in Yokohama. When asked a question about surrendering, he stated, â€Å"We would have kept on fighting until all the Japanese were killed, but we would not have be en defeated,† by which he meant they would not have been disgraced with surrendering. â€Å"A bulk of the Japanese people did not consider themselves beaten; in fact they believed they were winning in spite of the terrible punishment they had taken. They watched the paper balloons take off and float eastward in the wind, confident that these were carrying a terrible retribution to the United States in revenge for our air raids.† (Compton 55). Third, theShow MoreRelatedThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb853 Words   |  4 Pagesall have diverse opinions on the dropping of the atomic bomb. Varying from, it should be dropped to bring an end to the war with Japan, to it is inhumane to use such a power weapon on the Japanese military. Having so many diverse opinions on the newest found weapon, made the decision difficult for President Truman. There is no found proof that the war would have ended shortly after if it hadn’t been dropped. It was an uncertain factor on what would happen if the bomb wasn’t dropped, as well as whatRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb2429 Words   |  10 PagesThe dropping of the atomic bomb was the first of many nuclear projects. The first project was called the Manhattan project. Three bombs were created, one was a test, and the two others were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, cities in Japan. These bombs created mass destruction for the two cities; buildings were obliterated, fir es erupted, and radiation spread for miles. After foreign countries saw what the United States was capable of, countries all around the world started to develop their ownRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe dropping of the atomic bomb was used to save American lives; the most common excuse as to why President Harry Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. In Major Problems in the History of World War II it has been discussed in the chapter The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II that former President Truman recalled how he learned about the atomic bomb project as well as the public opinion on the Atomic Bomb. I believe that the solution that Truman gave when dropping the Atomic BombRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb1207 Words   |  5 PagesThe dropping of the atomic bombs in Japan was a very helpful source for the United States during the WWII. President Truman, took the responsibility of dropping and creation of the atom ic bomb. For the reason that The United States was seeking revenge on Japan for the attack at Pearl Harbor. The atomic bomb caused a high number of innocent Japanese deaths and also awful sickness. The atomic bombs left a big impact in the Japanese empire; also effected the Japanese at the time of the atomic bomb andRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb Essay2212 Words   |  9 PagesThe dropping of the Atomic Bomb changed not only warfare forever, but also all international relations. With that being said, the decision to do so was one of the biggest decisions made by any government in the history of time. Nuclear warfare was way more destructive and way faster than any other form of warfare preceding. With the United States seemingly always viewed to be â€Å"the good guys† it is puzzling that this country is the same one who killed hundreds of thousands of people all at once andRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Japan Essay2238 Words   |  9 Pagesdiffer in relation to the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan? (Intro 1—Context/Cover) The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on HiroshimaRead MoreCauses Of Dropping The Atomic Bomb871 Words   |  4 Pages U.S. Atomic Bombing kills more than 150,000 people! In september 1 1939 through september 2 1945 the world was at war. The Axis powers which were Germany,Italy and Japan. Then there was the allies which were United States, Britain, France then eventually Russia. The Axis powers ruled most of europe then when the U.S. Entered we attacked italy then we invaded france to get it back because it was under nazi control. When europe was finally contained and germany surrendered, on the other side ofRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Japan5502 Words   |  23 Pagesrelation to the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan? Sub Issues Questions: Scott Carroll The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th, 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on HiroshimaRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima3031 Words   |  13 PagesThe dropping of the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9th, 1945 was the first and last time the weapon has been used to date; the atomic explosions exposed the true potential of nuclear warfare whilst also highlighting the global superiority that America possessed at the conclusion of World War II. On August 6th, 1945 â€Å"Little Boy†, a uranium atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in an effort by the United States (U.S.) and backed by the Sovie t Union, the British andRead MoreDropping the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima1081 Words   |  5 PagesDropping of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima With the closing of the Second World War at hand, Harry S. Truman represented the United States in Potsdam Germany to decide the fate of a post war world. The key individuals in the conference consisted of the allied leaders, Soviet Premier Stalin, Prime Minister Churchill, and Truman. Dubbed the â€Å"big Three† in the second conference of the post war, they were charged with the daunting task of dealing with Japan and their continued effort in the ending

Coastal Regions around Darwin

Question: Describe about the Coastal Regions around Darwin? Answer: The system of dunes including the foredune, primary foredune, secondary foredune and tertiary foredune contribute to the system of dunes across the coastal regions around Darwin. Indeed, the depth of the soils across various dune systems ranges between 5 200 metres around the coastline. The foredune region invaded by sand layer and therefore lacks nutrients and supports the growth of colonizer plants. However, the tertiary dune enriched with rich nutrients encapsulated under dense layers of soil resulting in sustained growth of forests and woodland community across that region. Similarly, the primary foredune occupied with grasses, spinifex and mat plants in accordance with the thickness of soil (i.e. 3 cm) and its nutrients capacity. Furthermore, the region of secondary dune supports the growth of woody scrubs and small tress adding to the biodiversity of the dune ecosystem. The foredune regions remain invaded by space and track (including berm and swale) with the soil depth of 5 10 metres. However, the primary dune composed of superficial layer of sand and thick layers of soil beneath the sand stream extending until depth of 75 metres. The secondary dune indeed extends until the depth of 150 metres and contains the layers of moist dark soil beneath the superficial layers of sand particles. In fact, the soil under the tertiary dune acquires the depth of 200 meters making this region as the deepest of all dunes across the coastline. The soil of the primary foredune region remains occupied by Casuarina equisetifola tree, as evident in the diagram. The branches of this tree terminate in sharp edges in the form of needle, with toothy appearance of leaves. The conical structure of fruits and appearance of conical prominences beneath the tree include the prominent features making it easily identifiable across the primary dune region. The secondary dune region indeed, occupied with Pandanus spiralis with extended surface area across the soil. This tree features like palm with leaves appearing as spiky clusters, thereby providing it a unique appearance across the coastline. The tertiary dune region indeed, succeeded by monsoon rainforest with intermittent wetland. This geographical confinement is also known as tropical deciduous forest in context to the occurrence of intermittent dry and wet seasons, and identifiable through existence of tall bamboo trees. (Casuarina equisetifola) (Pandanus spiralis) The city of Darwin identified for its geographical biodiversity in context to the variety of coastal ecosystems around the region. Wolanski (2006:p. 435) reveal the coexistence of wet and dry ecosystems predominated by cyclonic and monsoonal occurrences intermittently across Port Darwin and Shoal Bay throughout the year. The coastal bioregions across the northern territory (of Darwin) correspond to the locations including Shoal Bay, Mindil Beach, Vesteys Beach, Fannie Bay, East Point, Nightcliff, Rapid Creek and Buffalo Creek Management Areas, Charles Darwin, Stuart Park, Lamaroo Beach, Casuarina Coastal Reserve, Tree Point Conservation Area and Esplanade. The academic literature reveals the acidic nature of soil in regions of Shoal Bay across Darwin Coastal (Prasad Power, 1997:p.72). The Shoal Bay indeed known by the sand dunes scattered consistently around the shores. The National Geographical Intelligence Agencys findings illustrate the soil depth range of 18.3 22 metres constit uted by sandstone particles across the entrance, and turning rapidly to 7.3 metres following the distance of 1 miles from the point of entry of the Shoal Bay (NGIA, 2004:p.71). The vegetation of the Shoal Bay comprises of monsoon vine forests and rainforests occupying the coastal bioregions. However, the Casuarina coastal territory comprises of wide sand dunes with depth range in accordance with the 7-meter tide resulting in the formation of expandable beach (Short Farmer, 2012:p.45). Wolanski (2006a:p.451) reveals the terrestrial habitats of Casuarina Reserve constituting the coastal vegetation across Darvin Harbour. The flora of the Casuarinas Coastal Reserve enriched with the botanical species including Rotten Cheese Fruit, Screw Palm, Ghost Gum, Leichhardt Tree, Beauty Leaf, Banyan Fig, Tamarind, and Poison Peach. However, the trees and plants including Peanut Tree, Indian Beech, Pink Paperbark, Northern Black Wattle, Beach Hibiscus, Cluster Fig, Coastal Sheoak, Paperbark, Chee sewood, Milky Pine, River Red Gum, Tape Vine, Lacewing Vine, Native Grape, Snake Vine, Little Cheeses, Lime Berry, White Grape, Arrowroot and Kapok Tree further add to the terrestrial habitation across the Casuarinas region. Indeed, these findings from the academic literature reveal the biological diversity in terms of variations across ecosystems in coastal regions around Darwin. The marine ecosystems including mangrove forests, coral reefs and grassy meadows pertain to the biological invasions diversifying the various ecosystems across the Darwins coastal regions. This diversity in coastal ecosystems attributes to the gradual and sustained expansion of the coastal wetlands facilitated by the rich vegetation across the coastal regions (Perillo et al, 2009:p. 9). Indeed, the role of bio-films in stabilizing the mudflat assists in establishment of thick mangroves vegetation leading to considerable reduction in soil erosion by the tidal currents. This results in proportionate slowing of the tidal currents leading to reduced erosions of the wetland across the coastal regions. The destructive influences on the coastal ecosystems include the impact of rapid urbanization on the sustainability of the costal habitat (Miththapala, 2013:p.22-28). Indeed, the increased human encroachment on the coastal regions results in the degradation of the tidal flats resulting in gradual destruction of the coastal bioregions across Darwin. Furthermore, the academic literature reveals the negative influence of human activities including dam construction and dredging of rivers on the sustainability of coastal ecosystems in terms of degradation of the tidal flats. Indeed, the chemical by-products and the industrial effluents contaminate the marine ecosystems leading to coral bleaching and smothering of coastal vegetation (Lorenz et al, 2013:p.270). The destructive waves resulting from the cyclones lead to massive soil erosion across the coastal regions, thereby destabilizing the ecosystem in terms of disruption of the flora and fauna under the coastal confinements. In fact, the strong impact of the destructive waves across the coastal line pulls back the sand dunes from the beach as tidal flats unable to absorb the high energy of the waves resulting in backwash and degradation of the coastal ecosystem. The coastal ecosystem further degraded by the adverse influence of Wave Refraction and Longshore Drift (Hyndman, 2011:p.388). The process of Wave Refraction results in bending of the waves toward the shore with the rapid movement of wave currents in the deeper water resulting in gradual dredging of the sand dunes from the shore. Similarly, the Longshore Drift results in elimination of the sediment particles from the beach under the influence of wave currents challenging the sustainability of the beach while striking it repeatedly at an angle. The academic literature documents the negative influence of ocean acidification, habitat destruction and natural calamities on the sustainability of the coastal ecosystems (Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Institute of Medicine, 2014). Indeed, the research studies indicate the decreased survival rates of coastal plants and animals due to increased acidification of the marine water from the industrial toxicities. Additionally, the disappearance of the coastal habitat resulting from elevated sea level and coastal development by humans leads to loss of biodiversity across the coastal regions surrounding Darwin. The recurrent blowouts due to natural calamities or human interference result in formation of parabolic dunes leading to loss of vegetation and consequent disruption of biodiversity of the coastal ecosystems (Martinez et al, 2013:p. 3). The primary, secondary and tertiary foredunes across the Darwin coastline eroded due to various coastal processes and environmental influences. The physical, biological and chemical influences of weather eroded various dunes across the coastline leading to the gradual destruction of gun placements while leaving the marine debris near the shore. Indeed, the intertidal, backshore and offshore zones gradually disrupted under the influence of climatic fluctuations across the coastal region. The following diagram reveals the patterns of dunes drifting induced by the action of coastal waves. The consistent physical impact of the coastal waves on sand dunes gradually degrades them, thereby resulting in long-term recession of the frontal and incipient dunes. The constructive influences warranted to maintain the coastal ecosystem include the creation of Riprap across the beaches. Indeed, the protective methodology of riprap assists in preventing the erosion of sand dunes and vegetation across the coastal lines (Schwartz, 2005:p.531). The rocks employed to safeguard the coastal ecosystem assist in preventing the erosion by assimilating the energy of water currents, thereby reducing the capacity of the waves to capture and erode the coastal vegetation. Indeed, the sand drift fencing is another protective mechanism necessary to conserve the sand dunes across the coastal regions (Dixon, 2011:p.30). The sad drift interception fencing facilitates trapping the high velocity winds across the vicinity of sand dunes at coastline, thereby challenging the movement and affinity of sand particles toward the water currents. Consequently, the biodiversity of the coastal ecosystem preserved with the installation of the interception fencing system due to its potential affect in preserving the sand erosion across the coastline. The employment of vegetation and plant protection devices facilitate in stabilizing the primary and secondary sand dunes across the coastline (Dixon, 2011a:p.29). The physical protection to plants in terms of installing protective coatings prevents their degradation under the influence of the high velocity wind currents. Moreover, implanting extensive vegetation assists in sustaining the sand dunes and proportionately enhancing coastal flora across the target system. The other constructive measures employed with the intent of protecting the coastal dunes include configuring walkways to cease the foot traffic across the dune areas (Beckman, 2013:p.80). Indeed, these walkways are highly effective in preventing dune blowouts under climatic influences resulting in the preservation of the natural flora and biodiversity of the coastal ecosystem. The construction of costal protective structures including Groynes and Sea Walls assists in safeguarding the beach materials and enhancing the coastal biodiversity (Mitra, 2013:p.153). The Groynes constitute the concrete barriers implanted perpendicularly from shore to the seawater for protecting the sediment from moving toward the water currents. Similarly, the sea walls constituting the concrete material efficiently bounce back the high-energy waves to the sea to prevent erosion of sand dunes and coastal vegetation under the influence of floods and storms. Indeed, sustainable coastal management warrants employing constructive approaches to preserve the biodiversity across coastal ecosystems in Australia (Kenchington et el, 2012:p.29). The perspectives of ecological conservation require thorough consideration over and above the commercial ideology in context to prioritizing safety and preservation of flora and fauna across the Australian coastal regions. Stringent jurisdictions need strategic implementation to protect the coastline from human invasion and natural calamities, thereby leading to secured and sustainable coastal bioregions across the Australian subcontinent. References: Beckman, D 2013, Marine Environmental Biology and Conservation, Jones Bartlett, Burlington Dixon, K 2011, Coastal Plants: A Guide to the Identification and Restoration of Plants of the Perth Region, CSIRO, Australia Hyndman, D D 2011, Natural Hazards and Disasters (3rd edn.), Cengage, USA Kenchington, R, Stocker, L Wood, D 2012, Sustainable Coastal Management and Climate Adaptation: Global Lessons from Regional Approaches in Australia, CSIRO, Australia Lal, R, Lorenz, K, Httl, R, Schneider, B Braun, J 2013, Ecosystem Services and Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere, Springer, NY Martnez, L, Gallego-Fernndez, J Hesp, P 2013, Restoration of Coastal Dunes, Springer, NY Miththapala, S 2013, Tidal flats, IUCN, Sri Lanka Mitra, A 2013, Sensitivity of Mangrove Ecosystem to Changing Climate, Springer, New Delhi National Geographical Intelligence Agency 2004, North, West and South Coasts of Australia (8th edn.), Prostar, Annapolis Perillo, G, Wolanski, E, Cahoon, D Brinson, M 2009, Coastal Wetlands: An Integrated Ecosystem Approach, Elsevier, Netherlands Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Institute of Medicine, 2014, Understanding the Connections Between Coastal Waters and Ocean Ecosystem Services and Human Health, The National Academies Press, Washington DC Schwartz, M 2005, Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, Springer, Netherlands Short, A Farmer, B 2012, 101 Best Australian Beaches, New South, Australia Wolanski, E 2006, The Environment in Asia Pacific Harbours, Springer, Netherlands Wolanski, E 2006a, The Environment in Asia Pacific Harbours, Springer, Netherlands

Stereotypes in Print Texts Legally Blonde free essay sample

The media often uses images of men and women in stereotypical roles in print and non-print texts. This is quite common because society has been taught to accept groups of people with certain characteristics, especially females. They are often stereotyped by their roles in society and their image. Stereotypical women are commonly used in feature films like Legally Blonde and print texts to exploit maternal role models and sex symbols. The media uses persuasive techniques such as layout, camera angles and lighting, characters and setting to promote stereotypes. The layout in print advertisements can mean a lot of things. The Band-aid advertisement for healing gel exploits the image of a perfect mother by the layout. The mother is holding her daughter in a protective caring pose. The mother and daughter are light haired, Caucasian, young and good-looking, they are both perfect. The characters are on the left hand side of the page, the side we see first and the heading is Healed with love, this could represent that mothers are best to love and care for children. We will write a custom essay sample on Stereotypes in Print Texts Legally Blonde or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The advertisers have used a mother because women have been stereotyped as the major cares of children. The layout also includes camera angle and lighting to display this stereotypical image of women. In the Band-aid advertisement, the camera angles and lighting focus on the perfect features of the characters to help exploit the perfect mother. In the advertisement, the lighting has been focused on the top of the mother and the side of the child. This exploits the characteristics of the perfect mother such as being moral, caring and loving. In Health products, the media tends to use people with a clean appearance and good looking to promote their products because we have been taught to believe that these people are perfect and if we use the product, we will be like them. The stereotyping of women’s roles within society is frequently reinforced by the setting they are placed in and the characters they play in feature films. Film makers rely on our knowledge of stereotypes to attract their audiences. In the feature film Legally Blonde the film makers are exploiting the image of a â€Å"dumb blonde† by portraying the characters in settings which are pink, pretty and very dedicated to the main character Elle Woods. The setting of Elle’s room is extremely pink with her furniture being pink, pretty and her cupboards and floor are flooded with soft toys and beauty accessories, photos of her boyfriend and her dog. The sorority that Elle lives in is decorated for with roses and pink decorations for Elle to prepare her for her date with her boyfriend. The film makers have used props and backdrops which are pink and pretty to show Elle’s main characteristics of a â€Å"dumb blonde†. We are expected to believe that Elle is a pretty, nice and dumb person by her settings and surroundings. The film makers have also projected the image of a â€Å"dumb blonde† by the characters. The main character Elle Woods of the film Legally Blonde is instantly reconised to be a â€Å"dumb blonde† by her familiar characteristics that we have been taught to accept from blondes. Elle and the other characters from her sorority are mostly blonde, beautiful and young. Elle’s two main friends are both, like Elle, fashion experts. They idolize Elle in her looks and personality. When Elle is about to leave with her boyfriend, the members of her sorority are fussing around Elle to make her look her best. This gives us a perspective of a â€Å"dumb blonde† by Elle’s personality and her friends. We are taught to accept blondes as dumb bimbos who only care about fashion and beauty. Characters such as Elle Woods are often recognised by the stereotypical roles and images they have been put in by the media. To conclude my essay, I believe that the media has employed stereotypes in both print and non-print texts to entertain and attract us. We are constantly encouraged by film makers and the media to accept these traditional gender roles as being normal and desirable. Blondes can equally be as smart as brunettes and have the same characteristics.